The Construction of Legitimation in Romanian Public Authorities' Discourses During the COVID-19 Pandemic

The global spread of COVID-19 in 2020 has created a wide range of responses from governments, like lockdowns, event prohibitions, social distancing rules, etc. Authorities tried to legitimize these restrictions (including limitations of individual rights) through different strategies in order to obtain people compliance. This paper aims to analyze the discourses of two most trusted Romanian public figures, according to IRES (April 2020), Klaus Iohannis, Romanian President, and Raed Arafat, Romanian State Secretary in the Ministry of Internal Affairs, both of whom played key roles in the communication around the COVID-19 health emergency state in our country in March-April 2020. Our goal is to identify how they legitimize their actions by exploring the power relationships between these two Romanian authorities, citizens and other social actors as reflected in their discourses. Our analysis combines van Leuween's (2007) legitimation strategies with Brown's (2020) risk features to understand how Romanian authorities managed to respond to COVID-19 crisis. Research showed the two public figures legitimize their actions by using personal authority and that warnings are the most addressed constructions in their discourses. Differences also showed that Arafat was more focused on battling fake news and its effects, while Iohannis was often using good hero's narratives to explain the decisions implemented to combat the pandemic.

Athletes as role models during the COVID-19 pandemic

Athletes are considered potential role models for young adults even though some of them exhibit inappropriate behaviours. In this commentary, the paper begins with a description of inappropriate behaviours of some athletes during the current COVID-19 pandemic. In this age of social media, news of such inappropriate behaviour can spread very quickly, particularly when the behaviour evokes an emotive response. However, social media can also be leveraged to spread positive messages. During this pandemic, athletes like other celebrities can be role models. They can encourage appropriate behaviours including social distancing to stem the spread of the virus through social media. The paper ends with a short discussion on the future of athletes as role models during a pandemic.

Social media and inspiring physical activity during COVID-19 and beyond

The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted sport and events greatly with a shutdown of leagues and the postponement of events like the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games. However, new media technologies, such as social media platforms, have provided an avenue for sport organisations and athletes to continue to engage with their consumers and promote physical activity during the absence of live sport. New media technologies allow organisations and individuals to share user-generated content and facilitate interactivity. This commentary intends to stimulate discussion, interest and research on whether social media could be used as a platform to inspire physical activity and sport participation and what strategies may be successful in engaging with consumers. Olympic sport and the campaigns National Olympic Committees have engaged in during lockdown are the focus of this piece. It is hoped that this piece provides a starting point for future research focusing on the adoption of new media technologies, like social media, to engage with and inspire people to become more active and involved in sport.

The link between transformational leadership and the EFQM model elements

PurposeThis work examines the relationship between transformational leadership and enablers and results of the European Foundation for Quality Management (EFQM) model 2013 and the relationship between the EFQM model elements (enablers and results).Design/methodology/approachThe work employs partial least squares (PLS) and empirical data from 102 hotels.FindingsTransformational leadership is key to facilitate the enablers of the EFQM model (strategy, people, partnership and processes) and improve customer, employee and social results and organizational performance.Originality/valueThe present work expands previous studies that focus on analyzing the link between enablers and results of EFQM by showing that transformational leadership is an appropriate leadership style to foster the EFQM model elements. It empirically supports the view that transformational leadership is a facilitator that can foster the EFQM enablers and improve results in hotels. Thus, it also sheds light on the controversial link between transformational leadership and various performance measures (customer, employee and social results and organizational performance).

Nurse Burnout in Hospice and Palliative Care: A Scoping Review

Burnout in hospice and palliative care nurses is a growing issue, especially in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, few studies have focused specifically on burnout in this population. A scoping review was undertaken to identify what is known about burnout among hospice and palliative care nurses, and to unify disparate findings. Analysis of eight articles revealed three overarching categories: personal factors, organizational/workplace factors, and nursing professional development factors. Each category was then divided into three cross-cutting subcategories: contributory and noncontributory factors, mitigating factors, and workplace issues. Recommendations for individuals include self-care as well as self-awareness of intrinsic characteristics that can predispose one to burnout. Within the workplace, leaders are challenged to support evidence-based practice and ongoing education. Role modeling positive communication skills, effective conflict mitigation, responsiveness, promotion of equity, and workplace commitment also help to create a culture of wellness. Nursing professional development may aid in resilience-building, and promotion of self-efficacy, self-confidence, and assertiveness. Although all identified recommendations were derived from the literature, no interventional studies have been conducted to test the effects of suggested interventions. Future research should include interventional studies as well as qualitative research to capture nuanced experiences of burnout in hospice and palliative care nurses.

Managing Roles in Entrepreneurial Organisation

The success of an entrepreneurial organisation towards meeting its objectives is largely dependent on the effective management of roles.An effective development and survival is attainable in entrepreneurial organisations since originators have the compassion to give their best for achieving the sustainability of the organisations through hard work and commitment. Entrepreneurs are generally thought to be abnormal people because they are unique and creative in their thoughts and ability to change an old way of doing things to more acceptable modern and global standard. This study used secondary data from extant literatures in international and local academic journal articles, textbooks and other useful articles on the web sites. The inability to get adequate responses from entrepreneurs is responsible for desk research due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria. Also, entrepreneurial organisations partially closed their businesses and this necessitated the use of secondary data. The study adopted two role models: Managerial Roles proposed by Henry Mintzberg and the Founder's Multiple Roles Model by Peter Wilson and Sue Bates. The study concluded that roles that need to be implemented by the founders and their managers must be articulately carried out in entrepreneurial organisations in order to achieve stated objectives such as corporate survival. Furthermore, the study recommended that investment in training and development of workers should be put into consideration to enable them cope and adjust to assigned duties and functions that is accompanied by technological innovations towards corporate survival.

Merely Folklore? The Role of a Growth Mindset in the Taking and Timing of Entrepreneurial Actions

Why do some potential entrepreneurs promptly engage in entrepreneurial behavior while others do not pursue their entrepreneurial intentions or delay acting? This study investigated whether potential entrepreneurs' mindset shapes engaging in entrepreneurial behavior and the time until they do so. Over a 16-month period, holding more of a growth (vs. fixed) mindset positively predicted taking various entrepreneurial actions and doing so sooner. Interestingly, these effects vanished when individuals faced a less challenging context for entrepreneurship. Post-hoc exploratory analyses revealed that the COVID-19 pandemic magnified the impact of mindsets on entrepreneurial behavior. These findings pave the way for preliminary research on the viability of growth mindset interventions for fostering entrepreneurial behavior.

Prosocial behavior in the time of COVID-19: The effect of private and public role models.

In public good provision and other collective action problems, people are uncertain about how to balance self-interest and prosociality. Actions of others may inform this decision. We conduct an experiment to test the effect of watching private citizens and public officials acting in ways that either increase or decrease the spread of the coronavirus. For private role models, positive examples lead to a 34% increase in donations to the CDC Emergency Fund and a 20% increase in learning about COVID-19-related volunteering compared to negative examples. For public role models these effects are reversed. Negative examples lead to a 29% and 53% increase in donations and volunteering, respectively, compared to positive examples.

Developing an Interest in Mathematics with Occupational Exemplars

This paper introduces four different ways for developing upper secondary school students’ interest in and motivation toward mathematics by connecting mathematics topics and contextualizing mathematical problems to working life scenarios in different occupations. They include materials for teachers, a self-study online course for students, a virtual reality environment with embedded mathematics problems, and the use of near-peer role models (university students) as math ambassadors that visit upper secondary schools. All four activities were created in project TyöMAA with the general objectives of informing upper secondary school students where and how mathematics is used in their future careers, enhancing students’ mathematical skills to enable them to progress in their post-graduate studies, and infusing the students with enthusiasm and self-confidence in mathematics. Although the COVID-19 pandemic has inevitably slowed the implementation and dissemination of the created tools, we have observed some encouraging indicators of the need for and effectiveness of the solutions. © 2022, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

Wherefore Art Thou, Mentor?

Mentoring is important - now more than ever - as novice nurses are flooding the work force. Nurse leaders can create developmental, empowering, and mutually beneficial relationships among mentors and mentees. The art of human connection can make the difference between a good nurse and a great nurse.

The Impact of Online STEM Teaching and Learning During COVID-19 on Underrepresented Students' Self-Eff icacy and Motivation

Female students, students of color, first-generation students, and low-income students face considerable barriers in access to STEM education, leading to their underrepresentation in STEM fields. Ensuring that these students develop strong self-efficacy and motivation in STEM during the college years is key to addressing the "leaky" STEM pipeline. To determine whether the rapid shift to online teaching and learning during the COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated or mitigated inequities for college-level STEM students, we examined correlations between demographic and sociocultural factors and students' self-assessments on indicators of self-efficacy and motivation. Our findings suggest that students from underrepresented groups were differentially negatively impacted by the shift to online teaching and learning, particularly with regard to access to study spaces, the internet, and peers. However, we found that the loss of traditional laboratories was not particularly impactful on any students' motivation or self-efficacy, regardless of a course's levels of dependence on such labs, as students were generally more impacted by concerns about family members' health and loss of social and structural supports than academic experiences. We discuss these results in light of psychosocial theory and suggest pedagogical and structural changes that can support more equitable outcomes in online and in-person college-level STEM education.

Geopark Rinjani, Sport Tourism, and the Rise of Local Participation Post COVID in Lombok, Indonesia

This study aims to determine the role model of local community participation in the post-pandemic Rinjani geopark sport tourism festival. The pandemic has caused a shift in tourism to focus on Nature, Eco, Wellness, and Adventure (NEWA). For this reason, the local community of Sembalun Village, a key gateway to an arduous trek up Mount Rinjani in West Nusa Tenggara Province, initiated a sport tourism event due to the natural resource potentials. Hence, this qualitative descriptive research unveils several motivations that underlie the festival's implementation, including economic, cultural, and natural environmental factors-a role model for local community participation based on these driving factors with a Bottom-Top approach.

How and when responsible leadership facilitates work engagement: a moderated mediation model

Purpose>Leaders are under increasing pressure to cultivate an engaged workforce in responsible ways, but how and when responsible leadership is related to employee work engagement remains unclear. Hence, this study aims to unfold the responsible leadership–work engagement relationship by exploring the mediating role of intrinsic corporate social responsibility (CSR) attributions and the moderating role of interactional justice.Design/methodology/approach>A multiphase sample of 225 was collected from employees from the Chinese manufacturing industry. Hierarchical regression and PROCESS macro in SPSS were used to test the authors’ moderated mediation model.Findings>The results demonstrate that responsible leadership is directly related to work engagement and indirectly related to it via employees' intrinsic CSR attributions. Interactional justice significantly strengthens the positive relationship between responsible leadership and intrinsic CSR attributions as well as the mediating effects of intrinsic CSR attributions.Practical implications>To cultivate an engaged workforce that improves organizational effectiveness, firms and managers should facilitate responsible leadership, signal sincere motives of CSR activities and enhance fair interpersonal treatment at work. These can also be helpful in various fields (e.g. promoting public trust).Originality/value>Based on social learning theory and attribution theory, this study empirically reveals the role of responsible leadership in enhancing work engagement. It sheds new light on the psychological mechanism and the boundary condition explaining how and when this linkage occurs, which advances research on responsible leadership and the individual-level analysis of CSR.

The Impact of Effective Preceptors

[...]many students completed alternative experiences or simulations to help fulfill clinical hours. According to Plescia (2021), the average cost of nursing turnovers is $40,038 per nurse. Qualifications for nurse preceptors include appropriate years of experience in the designated clinical specialty, degree requirements as established by the healthcare facility, service as a role model for the mission and vision of the healthcare system, and desire to be a preceptor.

Legitimation Strategies in Political Rhetoric: Examples From Presidential Speeches on Covid- 19

Heads of states are currently focusing on containing the spread of the coronavirus pandemiccommonly called Covid-19, and grappling with a series of strategies for addressing the pandemic. Political discourse concerning Covid-19 can be examined to better understand the ideology of the speaker and its impact on the audience. In this paper, we use Van Leeuwen's (2007) and Van Leeuwen and Wodak's (1999) legitimation strategies that social actors use to justify courses of action/political decisions in a critical discourse analysis approach. Drawing on presidential speeches specifically made by Donald Trump (USA) and Xi Jinping (China), this paper elucidates how legitimation strategies are linguistically constituted and fashioned to justify the leaders' particular policy decisions and actions for controlling and containing the spread of the coronavirus pandemic, thus achieving their political goals.

UTILIZING COACHING TO DEVELOP WOMEN PHYSICIAN LEADERS

Women physicians continue to find multiple barriers to advancing into leadership positions. These barriers include lack of mentoring, adequate role models, provisions to take leadership courses, provisions to attend leadership meetings, and their own lack of confidence.1 The healthcare industry is making small strides but there is still much to be done. With the continued lack of organizational support, women physicians must find other non-traditional leadership growth opportunities such as coaching. A conscious approach to coaching can address the unique challenges of women leaders such as organizational context, work-life integration, career-life transitions, and establishing leadership presence, including self-efficacy and influencing skills.

Mamis Rising: Challenging the Narrative of Who Belongs in Community College Administration

Students must see themselves represented in the leadership of their colleges and universities: thus, we are here to build a network and create opportunities that may be within the financial reach of Latinas needing these opportunities. [...]our focus is on Latina mothers who serve in executive roles in community colleges. [...]this practice brief features my experiences as a mother, partner, and vice president at a community college. [...]the ceiling is further strengthened by systemic racism such as "poverty, criminal activity, and social ills [that] are heightened when inequitable opportunities and under representation exist" (p. 151). [...]psychological and affective states refer to the women's ability to not be discouraged by the stresses and lows that come from serving in a leadership role.

The Good Governance Quandary: The Elusive Search for Role Models

A substantial consensus has emerged in development circles that the reason why some countries are rich and others poor is largely a reflection of the quality of their institutions – political, bureaucratic, and legal – and that countries with seriously dysfunctional institutions cannot expect to pursue a successful long-term trajectory of economic and social development. Many studies support this consensus, but institutional reform efforts for developed countries have resulted in mixed to weak results;many of these efforts have failed, for example, to establish a robust rule of law to protect the rights of citizens, publicly accountable political regimes, a meritocratic, noncorrupt, and efficient bureaucracy, and an independent media. Reportedly up to 60% of donor-assisted reforms have yielded no measurable increase in government effectiveness. It is inferred from this disappointing result that institutional transplants are often ineffective, and the path dependence, caused by accretions of the particularities of given countries’ histories, cultures, politics, ethnic and religious make-up, and geography leaves each country, for the most part, “to write its own history”.

The Contribution of Socio-Demographic Factors to Walking Behavior Considering Destination Types;Case Study: Temuco, Chile

The improvement of walking contributes to maintain the minimum rate of physical activity and therefore the residents’ public health. This is while the amount of walking in daily transport of inhabitants has significantly decreased during the last decades in Temuco, Chile. In addition, the impact of socio-demographic as well as social factors on the improvement of walking behavior has been paid less attention in previous studies. This study aims to examine the contribution of socio-demographic factors and the active family environment to walking behavior as well as walking level based on three types of destinations in Temuco. The results of “Encuesta Origin Destino” (EOD) in Temuco were used to examine the objectives. It was found that a high percentage of people who walk in Temuco belong to low-income families. Moreover, most of the people who walk, do not have a driver’s license nor private cars in their household. Certain socio-demographic factors such as age, gender, driver’s license, private cars, and access to TV were found to have associations with overall walking behavior as well as walking level depending on three different destination types. Furthermore, the correlation was found between walking behavior and active family environment. These findings were discussed and their implications were addressed as well.

Dialogue-Based Learning: A Framework for Inclusive Science Education and Applied Ethics

Dialogue-based learning is an inclusive pedagogy that leverages epistemological pluralism in the classroom to enhance cross-cultural education, encourage critical thinking across modes of inquiry, and promote novel contributions in applied ethics. The framework emerged from the Buddhism-science dialogue and our experiences teaching science courses for Tibetan Buddhists in India through the Emory-Tibet Science Initiative. Buddhism and science are two modes of inquiry that emphasize critical inquiry and empiricism, yet navigating complementarities and points of friction is challenging. Our proposed framework aims to raise awareness of onto-epistemological assumptions to convert them from obstacles into assets in dialogue. In drawing attention to epistemological orientations, our framework demonstrates that receptivity to other ways of knowing fosters clarity in one's own views while creating space for new and enriching perspectives. In this article, we contextualize the Buddhism-science dialogue, explore the development of our dialogue-based learning framework, and demonstrate its application to a novel exchange about the COVID-19 pandemic. Broader aims of the framework include increasing scientific literacy and advancing transdisciplinary research.